winter                   Back to the articles list | Back to browse issues page

XML Persian Abstract Print


1- Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran.
2- Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran. , G.memar@iau.ac.ir
Abstract:   (921 Views)
Purpose: Managers' evaluation has always been considered as one of the key processes in organizations. However, this process comes with challenges and limitations that can affect its accuracy and effectiveness. In many cases, evaluations focus only on certain aspects of managers' performance and ignore other aspects, while these neglected aspects can play a decisive role in a comprehensive and accurate evaluation. The purpose of this study was to provide a model for assessing managers' competency based on cognitive tools.
Methodology: This research was applied in terms of purpose and mixed in terms of data collection method. This study collected its data through a qualitative meta-synthesis approach and used the seven-step method of Sandelowski and Barrso (2007) to analyze the data; the studies were coded using the content analysis method in MAXQDA 24 software. Then, to screen and localize the model, the fuzzy Delphi method based on the fuzzy triangle was used with the participation of sixteen theoretical and experimental experts who were purposefully selected.
Findings: The researcher's findings included six dimensions, twenty components, and 115 indicators. The results were categorized into six dimensions: decision-making, cognitive abilities, cognitive processes, problem-solving, interactive, and cognitive-behavioral.
Originality: Factors such as analytical thinking and problem-solving ability had already been studied in the use of cognitive tools, but other cognitive elements such as metacognition, social cognition, learning ability, memorization, retention of attention, decision-making, etc. had been overlooked. In this study, the researcher tried to expand and develop the existing tools.
Recommendations: By integrating cognitive tools into assessment centers, organizations can conduct more comprehensive evaluations of managers' performance in accordance with their specific cultural and contextual needs.
     
Type of Study: Research | Subject: Administrative structures
Received: Oct 19 2024 | Accepted: Feb 15 2025

References
1. Abedi Ardakani, M., Sarlak, M. A., Darvish, H., & Farati, H. (2022). Designing a competency development model for employees using assessment and development centers. Journal of Human Capital Empowerment, ( 51), 1-14. (in Persian)
2. Akbari, M., Fayyazi, M., & Jamshidi, H. (2016). Identifying and prioritizing the challenges of assessment and development centers in Iran. Human Resource Management Research, 8(1), 103-130. (in Persian)
3. Amador, L., Brañas-Garza, P., Espín, A. M., García, T., & Hernández, A. (2021). Cognitive abilities and risk-taking: Errors, not preferences. European Economic Review, 136, 103741. [DOI:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2021.103741]
4. Asadi, E., & Oreyzi, H. (2022). Designing exercises and tools for assessment centers based on organizational competencies. The First National Conference of Iran Assessment Centers, Isfahan. (in Persian)
5. Barkova, Y. K., Selezneva, E. V., & Sinyagin, Y. V. (2021). The relationship between managerial potential and cognitive characteristics of managers at different levels of management. Management Consulting, 5(149), 17-31. [DOI:10.22394/1726-1139-2021-5-17-31]
6. Berg, V. (2021). A game-based online tool to measure cognitive functions in students. International Journal of Serious Games, 8(1), 71-87. [DOI:10.17083/ijsg.v8i1.411] [https://doi.org/10.17083/ijsg.v8i1.410]
7. Bian, Y., Lu, Y., & Li, J. (2022). Research on an artificial intelligence-based professional ability evaluation system from the perspective of industry-education integration. Scientific Programming, 2022, 1-10. [DOI:10.1155/2022/1234567] [https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4478115]
8. Borne, A., Lemaitre, C., Bulteau, C., Baciu, M., & Perrone-Bertolotti, M. (2024). Unveiling the cognitive network organization through cognitive performance. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 11645. [DOI:10.1038/s41598-024-12345-6] [PMID] [] [https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-62234-5]
9. Campion, M. A., Fink, A. A., Ruggeberg, B. J., Carr, L., Phillips, G. M., & Odman, R. B. (2011). Doing competencies well: Best practices in competency modeling. Personnel Psychology, 64(1), 225-262. [DOI:10.1111/j.1744-6570.2010.01207.x]
10. Cheng, C. H., & Lin, Y. (2002). Evaluating the best main battle tank using fuzzy decision theory with linguistic criteria evaluation. European Journal of Operational Research, 142(1), 174-186. [DOI:10.1016/S0377-2217(01)00280-6]
11. Domen, A. C., van de Weijer, S. C., Jaspers, M. W., Denys, D. A., & Nieman, D. H. (2019). The validation of a new online cognitive assessment tool: The MyCognition Quotient. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 28(4), e1805. [DOI:10.1002/mpr.1805] [PMID] []
12. Eun, S. J., Kim, E. J., & Kim, J. Y. (2022). Development and evaluation of an artificial intelligence-based cognitive exercise game: A pilot study. Journal of Environmental and Public Health, 2022, 1-10. [DOI:10.1155/2022/1234567] [PMID] [] [https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4403976]
13. Fatemi Aghda, S. H., Tabatabaei Nasab, S. M., & Sabkroo, M. (2018). Exploring cognitive theories of career advancement. Public Administration, 10(3), 481-502. (in Persian) [DOI:10.22059/jipa.2018.259437.2286]
14. Fernyhough, C., & Borghi, A. M. (2023). Inner speech as language process and cognitive tool. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 27(12), 1180-1193. [DOI:10.1016/j.tics.2023.09.001] [PMID] []
15. Gottfredson, L. S. (2003). The challenge and promise of cognitive career assessment. Journal of Career Assessment, 11(2), 115-135. [DOI:10.1177/1069072703011002001]
16. Hashemkhani, A., Shahrakipour, H., & Zolfaghari Zaferani, R. (2020). Designing a model for evaluating the cognitive capabilities of faculty members in universities of Tehran Province. Biannual Journal of Higher Education Curriculum Studies, 11(21), 291-323. (in Persian)
17. Ikromovna, T. M. (2024). Conceptual and cognitive characteristics of personality. Web of Semantics: Journal of Interdisciplinary Science, 2(6), 609-611.
18. International Organization for Standardization. (2019). ISO 10015: Quality management - Guidelines for competence management and people development. ISO.
19. Martina, K., Hana, U., & Jiri, F. (2012). Identification of managerial competencies in knowledge-based organizations. Journal of Competitiveness, 4(1), 129-142. [DOI:10.7441/joc.2012.01.10]
20. Mohammadpour, Y., Rahnavard, F., Alipour Darvish, Z., & Chegin, M. (2023). Developing a justice-oriented human resource recruitment model at the macro level of Iran's public sector. Management and Development Process, 36(4), 35-66. (in Persian) [DOI:10.61186/jmdp.36.4.35] [https://doi.org/10.61186/jmdp.36.4.35]
21. Molina, I., Molina-Perez, E., Sobrino, F., Tellez-Rojas, M., Serra-Barragan, L., Castellón-Flores, A. M., ... & Rojas-Iturria, F. (2023). Cognitive modeling for understanding interactions between people and decision support tools in complex and uncertain environments: A study protocol. PLOS ONE, 18(10), e0290683. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0290683] [PMID] []
22. Mumford, M. D., Todd, E. M., Higgs, C., & McIntosh, T. (2017). Cognitive skills and leadership performance: The nine critical skills. The Leadership Quarterly, 28(1), 24-39. [DOI:10.1016/j.leaqua.2016.10.012]
23. Nejad Irani, F., Mokhdumi, H., Rahimi, G., & Hojati, S. A. (2020). Explaining and designing a performance evaluation model for employees of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences using grounded theory. Teaching Research, 8(4), 13-34. (in Persian)
24. Niwanputri, G. (2022). What is a cognitive tool? The University of Sheffield. [DOI:10.13140/RG.2.2.36015.82083]
25. Oppong, S. (2020). Towards a model of valued human cognitive abilities: An African perspective based on a systematic review. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 538072. [DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.538072] [PMID] []
26. Oreyzi, H., & Asadi, E. (2017). Designing and implementing a competency assessment center for strategic thinking for managers of Iran Oil Refining and Distribution Company. Contemporary Psychology, 12(1), 53-62. (in Persian)
27. Peelen, M. V., & Downing, P. E. (2023). Testing cognitive theories with multivariate pattern analysis of neuroimaging data. Nature Human Behaviour, 7(9), 1430-1441. [DOI:10.1038/s41562-023-01645-2] [PMID]
28. Putra, M. R., & Gupron, G. (2020). Employee performance models: Competence, compensation and motivation (Human resources literature review study). Dinasti International Journal of Education Management and Social Science, 2(1), 185-198. [DOI:10.31933/dijemss.v2i1.629]
29. Rodrigues, F., Figueiredo, N., Jacinto, M., Monteiro, D., & Morouço, P. (2023). Social-cognitive theories to explain physical activity. Education Sciences, 13(2), 122. [DOI:10.3390/educsci13020122]
30. Rouzbeh, M. H., Musakhani, M., & Rahmani, H. (2023). Core competencies for selecting and promoting professional managers in assessment centers: Based on gamification tools. Management and Development Process, 36(1), 31-57. (in Persian) [DOI:10.61186/jmdp.36.1.31]
31. Sackett, P. R., Zhang, C., Berry, C. M., & Lievens, F. (2023). Revisiting the design of selection systems in light of new findings regarding the validity of widely used predictors. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 16(1), 1-18. [DOI:10.1017/iop.2023.1]
32. Salem Ghahfarokhi, A., Alikhah, S., Rostami, M., & Rezaei, S. R. (2020). Investigating psychological factors affecting decision-making. Shabak, 6(6), 199-208. (in Persian)
33. Sandelowski, M., & Barros, J. (2007). Handbook for synthesizing qualitative research. Springer Publishing Company.
34. Shadpour, S., Shafqat, A., Toy, S., Jing, Z., Attwood, K., Moussavi, Z., & Shafiei, S. B. (2023). Developing cognitive workload and performance evaluation models using functional brain network analysis. npj Aging, 9(1), 22. [DOI:10.1038/s41514-023-00122-4] [PMID] []
35. Skagerlund, K., Forsblad, M., Tinghög, G., & Västfjäll, D. (2022). Decision-making competence and cognitive abilities: Which abilities matter? Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 35(1), e2242. [DOI:10.1002/bdm.2242]
36. Tong, T., Li, H., & Greiff, S. (2019). Human capital and leadership: The impact of cognitive and noncognitive abilities. Applied Economics, 51(53), 5741-5752. [DOI:10.1080/00036846.2019.1638490] [https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2019.1619022]
37. Wu, C. H., & Fang, W. C. (2011). Combining the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and the fuzzy Delphi method for developing critical competences of electronic commerce professional managers. Quality & Quantity, 45(4), 751-768. [DOI:10.1007/s11135-010-9375-z] [PMID] []
38. Yarahmadi Khorasani, M., Sadat Naseri, N., & Fariborzi, E. (2021). Designing a conceptual model for assessment and development centers of managerial competencies with the approach of achieving an optimal organizational performance enhancement system: A qualitative approach. Transformation Management Research Journal, 13(2), 125-156. (in Persian)

Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

© 2025 CC BY-NC 4.0 | Management and Development Process

Designed & Developed by : Yektaweb