Management and Development Process

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The discussion develops under four subtitles: society and sotial problems, strategy and its dimensions, our society and its main social problems, and social probems of our National Strategy. In part one, two distinct trends in sociological analysis of society are identified, those which emphasize structure and function and those which emphasize system and system properties. Earlier generation of sociologists such as August comte, Durkheim and others emphasize concept of structure and function, and analyze soctiety in its structural components and functions. Structure in this context is defined as relatively consistant relations (nexuses) and patterns which exist among human beings and their groups. such analysis emphasizes clarification of relations and functions of diffrent Structures within and among societies. The later generations of sociologists view society as a system and define it in terms of its systemic attributes. System is defined as "a collection of interrelated units, which form a holistic unit". Both structuralists and system analysists emphasize notion of relations or nexuses between components and define social problems as any phenomenon that affects social structure or social system and relationshi within and among their components. In part two, the concept of Strategy is defined, and its properties and dimensions are illuminated. Strategy is defined as, "a collection of principles which Follow during long period of time a program according which social forces follow their lasting aims". Strategy has several dimensions, while military strategy is very wellknown term. political, economic, and social strategies are not less important than military strategy. In part three, it is argued that formation of secondary orgonizations has been in such a way that has led to pseudo-federal government in early periods of Iranian history. These secondary orgonizations, while until very recent history. Rapid social changes in 20 the century, coupled with two remarkable revolutions of 1906 and 1979 have seriously questioned the traditional social integrity of the society and the existing relations among its and components and economic relations within the society. In part four, "ethnic gap" and ,,class gap" have been identified as two of the most urgent and pathogenic, social problems threatening the newly formed social structure and relations and calling for a well defined and conscious social strategy.

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