fa ابعاد اخلاقی رهبری در سازمانها مدیرت دولتی Public Administration پژوهشي Research <p align="justify" style="DIRECTION: rtl">یکی از راههای که می توان از طریق آن رهبری در سازمانها اعم از بخش خصوصی یا دولتی را مورد آزمون قرار داد، روابط فردی است، یعنی باید دید که آیا پایه و زیربنای آن استوار و محکم است یا سست و فرو ریزنده. "الکساندر. بی. هورنیمن" می گوید: راههای مختلفی برای فکر کردن درباره رهبری و جود دارد و من میل دارم در آن مورد چنین فکر کنم: </p> According to Alexander B.Horniman, "one way to assess one's leadership is to examine one's relationships- to see if they are founded on rock or sand". There are many ways to think of leadership. Influencing others to do what the leader wants them to do is leadership. Some authors think of it as the ability to create opportunities for one's self and for others. A "Good" leader is one who creates excellent relationships. Excellent relationships are built upon four basic moral dimensions. They may be thought of as "the moral rock," and consist of the following: Truth telling Promise keeping Fairly treating others and Respecting the individual At the first glance, these notions are quite obvious and perhaps simplistic. At the second glance, these four items provide the moral basis for determining whether relationships are perceived as "Good" or "Bad", both at the interpersonal and enterprise levels. 45 57 http://jmdp.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-249&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Manoochehr Hazer منوچهر حاضر 10031947532846004211 10031947532846004211 Yes